Linguistic varieties: everything you need to know for Enem

Have you ever heard of language varieties?

In the Portuguese language, diversity is an enriching factor, and understanding linguistic varieties is essential, especially when it comes to exams such as Enem.

The way we express ourselves can vary according to the social, regional and cultural context, and is a crucial aspect of effective communication.

In this article, we're going to talk about the importance of linguistic varieties, how they are assessed in Enem and how this understanding can be a differentiator for the candidate.

What is linguistic variety?

Linguistic variety refers to the different forms and manifestations of language used by speakers in specific contexts.

Language is a dynamic and living entity and, as such, it adapts and changes according to various factors, such as geographical region, social class, cultural context, communicative situation and other elements.

These linguistic variations can be observed at different levels, including phonetic, phonological, lexical, morphosyntactic and pragmatic. Various ways of speaking and writing are accepted as correct, depending on the context in which they are used.

There is no single "right" way to speak or write; what is considered appropriate can vary according to the environment and cultural norms.

Language varieties can be classified into two large groups: diatopic (geographical) varieties and diastratic (social) varieties.

The former refer to linguistic variations related to geographical location, while the latter are associated with social differences, such as social class, age, gender, among others.

Understanding and recognizing language varieties is crucial for effective communication in different contexts.

Linguistic Varieties: A Detailed Approach

Each expression, each intonation, reflects not only verbal communication, but also the intricate cultural, social and geographical nuances that make up the linguistic fabric of Brazil.

1. Linguistic Diversity in Brazil

Brazil, vast in its territorial extension and cultural diversityis a veritable linguistic melting pot.

The different regions of the country vary in their pronunciation, vocabulary and even grammatical structure. Understanding these nuances is fundamental for interpreting and producing texts at Enem.

2. The Evaluation of Linguistic Varieties in Enem

When designing language and code questions, Enem values the candidate's ability to understand and use different linguistic registers.

This includes not only standard Portuguese, but also regional and social variants.

In this way, the test seeks to measure communicative competence in a variety of situations, preparing students for a conscious insertion into society.

3. Writing as a Mirror of Linguistic Competence

The Enem essay is one of the crucial moments of the test, and in it, the candidate's ability to deal with linguistic varieties is put to the test.

The proposal presented may require more formal language, but it may also allow the use of regionalisms, as long as they are used coherently.

4. Strategies for Dealing with Linguistic Varieties in Writing

• a. Know the target audience for your essay: Before you start writing, keep in mind the possible reader of your essay. This will help you choose the most appropriate language variety for the context.
• b. Adapt to the Context: Demonstrate the ability to adapt your language according to the context presented. This reflects an important skill in the professional and academic environment.

How does ENEM deal with linguistic variety?

The Enem (National High School Exam) approaches linguistic variety in a comprehensive way, recognizing the country's linguistic diversity as a reflection of Brazil's rich cultural and social plurality.

This approach manifests itself mainly in the areas of Languages, Codes and their Technologies, both in the multiple choice questions and in the essay.

1. Multiple Choice Questions

Languages and Codes questions often feature texts that reflect different linguistic varieties.

Candidates are challenged to interpret and understand texts that can range from formal language to colloquial expressions, allowing the test to assess their ability to interpret in a variety of contexts.

2. Writing

In the newsroomEnem's approach is even more explicit. The topics proposed often allow candidates to explore different linguistic registers.

Competency 5, related to "drafting the intervention proposal", may require participants to be able to use language in a way that is appropriate to the social context, suggesting solutions that are in line with the country's linguistic diversity.

3. Respect for Cultural Variety

When selecting texts, statements and themes, Enem seeks to respect Brazil's cultural diversity.

This approach reflects the commitment to creating a test that is inclusive, recognizing the different forms of expression present in the country.

4. Encouraging Sociolinguistic Reflection

Enem goes beyond simply assessing normative grammar and encourages sociolinguistic reflection. Participants are challenged to understand that language is dynamic, varying according to the social, geographical and cultural context.

5. Competencies assessed

In the competencies assessed in the essay, such as competency 2, which deals with understanding and developing the theme, and competency 4, which involves demonstrating mastery of the cultured norm, careful consideration is given to assessing the balance between respect for linguistic diversity and mastery of standard norms when necessary.

Therefore, Enem, through its approach in the questions and in the essay, seeks not only to assess candidates' language skills, but also to promote a deep understanding of language as a living, dynamic and culturally diverse phenomenon.

Conclusion

In a country as diverse as Brazil, language varieties are more than just cultural aspects; they are fundamental elements for effective communication.

At Enem, understanding and knowing how to deal with these variations can be the difference that boosts a candidate's performance.

Deepen your knowledge of language varieties and be prepared for Enem. Practice writing in different contexts and explore the cultural richness of the Portuguese language.

Understanding these nuances will not only contribute to success in the exam, but also to more effective communication in all spheres of life.

Finally, remember that linguistic diversity is not just a grade on the Enem, but a valuable skill that enriches your educational and professional journey.

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