What is Tesouro Direto and how much does the investment yield?

If you want to start investing in fixed income, you should know what Tesouro Direto is!

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To escape low savings yields and accelerate the growth of financial assets, many Brazilians are interested in knowing what Tesouro Direto is.

This type of fixed income is considered as safe as a traditional savings account, but it has an additional advantage: profitability.

And if you want to know more about this type of investment and how its yield works, you're in the right place. Continue reading to find out more.

What is Tesouro Direto?

Tesouro Direto is a National Treasury program developed in partnership with B3 for the sale of federal public bonds.

Launched in 2002, the program made life easier for small investors, who can now invest from R$ 30.

As you can see, it is a super accessible investment method for those who are starting out and do not yet have a large amount of capital to invest.

Basically, Tesouro Direto works as follows:

When you buy a bond, you are lending your money to the government. In return, on the maturity date, you will receive the money you invested plus interest.

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What are the fees and costs of Tesouro Direto?

It is important to know what the fees and costs are for those who invest in Tesouro Direto, as they can compromise your income:

 • Financial institution administration fee: The administration fee is a percentage charged by the broker on the value of the security that was purchased.

• BM&FBovespa custody fees: B3 charges a fee to move and store the securities purchased by investors.

• Income Tax (IR): Income tax is only levied on the income from investments in a regressive manner. This means that the longer you leave the amount invested in the security, the lower the amount charged will be.

• Tax on Financial Transactions (IOF): charged only for investments with a term of less than 30 days.

What are Treasury Direct bonds?

Anyone who wants to invest in Tesouro Direto needs to know what bond options are available.

And to help you understand more about the subject, we will explain each of them in more detail:

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Prefixed Treasury

The fixed-rate Treasury is a fixed-income security with interest established at the time of acquisition.

This means that when you lend your money to the government, you will know exactly how much you will receive on the due date.

Its main characteristic is fixed profitability, as it presents an interest rate with a percentage that does not vary.

The prefixed Treasury can be of two types:

• Treasury Prefix (LTN)

• Fixed Treasury with semi-annual interest (NTN-F)

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Post-fixed Treasury

The post-fixed treasury is a security that remunerates the investor according to the variation of an index, which is the Selic rate.

However, in this case, it is only possible to know exactly how much the title yielded at the time of redemption.

Since the indexer is the Selic rate, the basic interest rate, the yield increases when the rate is raised by the central bank. And if the Selic rate is reduced, the yield will be lower.

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IPCA Treasury

The IPCA Treasury offers a return equal to the inflation rate plus another portion with a fixed interest rate.

For this reason, the IPCA Treasury is considered a hybrid fixed income security.

The advantage of this investment is that it protects you from inflation fluctuations.

Due to the increase in inflation and the Selic rate in recent years, the IPCA Treasury is being highly sought after by investors.

This option is recommended for those who have a long-term focus.

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What is the profitability of Tesouro Direto?

The profitability of Tesouro Direto depends on the amount invested, the security you chose and the duration of the investment.

Therefore, there is no way to define an exact value for profitability, as these factors must be taken into account.

For fixed-rate bonds, you only need to calculate the rate disclosed at the time of contracting.

In the case of post-fixed and hybrid securities, profitability changes throughout the year, depending on the indicator to which the investment is indexed.

Before choosing an investment, it is necessary to calculate the return.

To begin, let's calculate together the yield of some Treasury bonds. The value used to perform the simulation will be R$ 20 thousand.

Remembering that this value only serves as a basis for the calculations that will be made, since you start making investments in Tesouro Direto with much smaller amounts.

To show the results, we will use the own calculator from the Treasury Direct.

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Prefixed Treasury

As you already know, when you purchase a fixed-rate security, you will know exactly how much you will receive on the maturity date.

The redemption date for this investment (prefixed Treasury 2024) will be on 01/07/2024. The annual profitability of the chosen security is 11.91%.

Discounting Income Tax and the B3 fee, the net income at the end of this period will be R$ 25,567.27.

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Selic Treasury (post-fixed)

To understand the profitability of the Tesouro Selic, it is first necessary to know what the Selic rate is during the period.

Currently, the Selic rate is at 7.75% (November 2021)

The annual profitability, in the title we are using as an example (Tesouro Selic 2024) is SELIC + 0.1109%.

The due date is 09/01/2024.

Considering these factors and discounting Income Tax and the B3 rate, the net income at the end of the period will be R$ 24,397.51.

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IPCA Treasury (hybrid)

The yield for a hybrid security is defined by a fixed rate plus the IPCA (inflation) value for the period.

Here, we will use as an example the Treasury bond IPCA + 2026, with a return of IPCA + 5.13%.

The due date is 08/15/2026.

At the end of the period, discounting the costs involved, you will be able to redeem the amount of R$ 28,190.83.

Conclusion

Knowing what Tesouro Direto is and what its titles are is essential for anyone who wants to invest in this National Treasury program.

If you have a conservative profile, Tesouro Direto is one of the most suitable investments for your profile.

However, if you consider yourself more daring or moderate, this investment can also be a good option to diversify your asset portfolio.