Historical context of romanticism and tips for the Enem exam

If you are going to take part in Enem this year, it's important to know the historical context of romanticism and its main characteristics, since it's a very important subject and very recurrent in exams too.

We'll understand much more about romanticism in today's article and prepare you for when this subject comes up in the exam!

What is the historical context of romanticism?

To understand the historical context of romanticism, we first need to know what it is. It is a cultural, artistic and literary movement that emerged around the end of the 19th century. 18th century in Europeand peaked at 19th century.

And the period when romanticism was at its peak was marked by a number of social, political and behavioral changes.

Noting that the movement emerged at the end of the 18th century and was also present in the 19th century, we can relate it to two other historical events that took place around the world, but mainly in Europe, where it originated.

These two moments are Industrial Revolution and French RevolutionBut if we talk about Brazil, it also had strong influences from romanticism, especially during the 19th century, when the nationalism on Brazilian soil.

French Revolution

The French Revolution had a profound impact on the development of romanticism. It represented the quest for liberty, equality and fraternity, as well as challenging monarchical and aristocratic authority.

Many Romantic writers and artists saw the French Revolution as a source of inspiration for the fight against oppression and injustice.

Industrial revolution

The industrial revolution brought changes to society, the economy and everyday life, with faster urbanization and working conditions generating in people a feeling of disconnection with nature, which was reflected in the art and literature of the time, which was romanticism.

In Brazil

In Brazil, romanticism began to emerge soon after Brazil's independence from Portugal in 1822. This emancipation generated a sense of nationalism and identity in Brazilians.

With this, national culture and identity began to develop, and the writers of Romanticism aimed to explore elements reminiscent of our culture, fauna, flora, colonial history and much more.

Characteristics of romanticism

Romanticism is a very important movement for everyone, as well as being one of the most popular schools of literature in the Enem, which is why it's so important to study it. historical context.

Those who practiced this movement were called romantics, and the main characteristic of romanticism is the human emotionsI can't get enough of them, such as love, melancholy, passion and even sadness.

These are emotions that we can see very intensely in all the works of that period, and we also have the individualism as an important characteristic, as well as subjectivity.

Romantics believed that each person had a unique experience and that this experience should be expressed in a personal and original way.

O nationalism is also intrinsically linked to romanticism, it generates a sense of appreciation for a nation's culture and history

Still citing its characteristics, romanticism is marked by a strong idealization of nature, which is seen in a positive light and demonstrates beauty, perfection and a way of escaping from reality.

A imagination plays a central role in romanticism. The Romantics believed that the imagination could create alternative worlds and realities.

Main works of romanticism

In Romanticism there are some very famous works that are successful and present the main characteristics of the movement, see some examples in literature:

• "The miserable" - by Victor Hugo, 1862 - this novel is widely used in schools as a textbook and is a reference in French romanticism. It deals with the social, political and moral issues of the French Revolution;
• "The Three Musketeers" - by Alexandre Dumas, 1844 - is a historical novel that is still highly acclaimed today;
• "Frankenstein" - by Mary Shelley, 1818 - is a gothic novel and one of the most iconic of this movement, with themes such as creation and alienation;
• "Song of Exile" - by Gonçalves Dias, 1846 - is a Portuguese lyrical poem that portrays nationalism very well;
• "The Guarani" - by José de Alencar, 1857 - a novel from the first phase of Romanticism in Brazil that brings elements of the idealization of nature, and a romance between an Indian woman and a white man.

But we also have many other Brazilian examples that are used in schools, such as "Memoirs of a Sergeant of Militia", "Iracema" and others.

Because of this, the big names in this movement are José de Alencar, Joaquim Manuel, Gonçalves Dias, Gonçalves Magalhães and many others.

How to study romanticism for the Enem?

And we've said all this about romanticism because it's a very important subject and one that constantly comes up in the questions on the National High School Exam.

To be able to study, start with the historical context of romanticism, since all the historical events of the time, such as the French and Industrial Revolutions, had a direct impact on the movement.

To the students who will taking the Enem this year it is important to know the main characteristics of romanticism, including an emphasis on emotion, individualism, nature, nationalism and revolt against convention.

Understand the main literary subgenres of Romanticism, such as the Gothic novel, lyric poetry and prose fiction.

Reading the main works, especially the Brazilian ones, and reading summaries before the exam can help you identify important points about romanticism, such as the characteristics of a book, a phrase or figures of speech.

Enem often includes questions that ask for the interpretation of passages from literary works or the analysis of paintings in relation to the romantic context.

Analyze the works to identify romantic elements, such as the exploration of emotions, the relationship with nature and the emphasis on individuality.

Get to know the most important authors of romanticism in different countries, such as Goethe, Victor Hugo, Mary Shelley, Machado de Assis, Edgar Allan Poe, among others.

It seems like a lot of information to remember, but you can look up questions from the Enem and entrance exams, which will help you familiarize yourself with the types of questions and alternatives that you may encounter throughout the exam period.